Skip to content
All posts
For beginners2 min read

How often does an opening stay free of mistakes?

Less often than you think: up to half-move 20, only every 4th side up to 999 stays free of mistakes, from 2200 it is 82%. Up to half-move 40 it is 9% and 40%.

Share of sides without a single mistake up to the half-move
  • up to half-move 20
  • up to half-move 30
  • up to half-move 40
0%25%50%75%100%up to 9991000–11991200–13991400–15991600–17991800–19992000–21992200+Rating

What it means

  • Up to 1399 Elo, more than half of all sides make at least one mistake within the first 20 half-moves.
  • It gets rarer with every ten half-moves: from 55% up to half-move 20 to 17% up to half-move 40 in the 1400–1599 group.
  • A flawless opening is not a given but a goal you can train.
Sides without a mistake up to the half-move
Ratingup to 20up to 30up to 40
up to 99928.4%13.4%8.6%
1000–119940.2%19.1%11.2%
1200–139947.9%23.9%13.5%
1400–159954.9%29.2%16.6%
1600–179961.9%35.1%20.1%
1800–199968.3%41.7%24.7%
2000–219974.7%49.1%30.6%
2200+82.2%59.6%40.2%

Only games at least that long. Counted per side, White and Black separately.

Questions

What counts as a mistake here?
A move that costs at least 10 points of winning chances, rated by the Stockfish engine. Positions that are already decided do not count.
How many moves are 20 half-moves?
Ten moves per side: the first ten moves of White and of Black.

Sources

  1. [1]E. B. Wilson (1927): Probable inference, the law of succession, and statistical inference. Journal of the American Statistical Association 22(158), pp. 209–212, doi:10.1080/01621459.1927.10502953. jstor.org/stable/2276774 (accessed 2 October 2026).

Data: public Lichess games from January to August 2026, 74.2 million games with an engine rating. A mistake costs at least 10 points of winning chances. Lichess analysed these games on request, so they are not a random sample of all games. Groups by the rating of the player who moves, ranges are 95 percent Wilson intervals [1].

Try it on your own games

Enter your Lichess name and see where your knowledge ends.

Try it on your own games